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is suetichapter, hadakefraherulerof europe. thegreathespanishsuession,beguninthe year1701,iediatelyafterthedeathofcharlesii,thelast ofthespanishhabsburgs,andendedin1713bythepeace ofutrecht,reinedequallyundecided,butithadruihe treasuryoflouis.onlandthefrenghadbeenvictorious, butthenaviesofenglandandhollandhadspoiledall hopeforanultitefrentory;besidesthelongstruggle hadgivenbirthtoaalprincipleofiional politics,adeitiossibleforone siiontorulethehehe e. thathesocalled``balanceofpoa tenlaforthreeturiesithasbeenobeyedasclosely asarethelaure.thepeopleedtheidea intaihateurope,initsnationalistient, uldonlysurvivehereshouldbeanabsolutebalance ofthenynfligisoftheei. nosinglepousteverbealloo doheothers.durihirtyyearshe habsburgshadbeeioftheapplicationofthislaw. they,hos.theissuesduring thatstrugglerife thataintendencies ofthatgreatnflieon,osee hoisiderationsandulationsprevailin allttersofiionaliortance.he developntofahestatesnhthe personalfeelingsoftheslideruleandthecashregister.jan dethefirstsuessfulexpoofthisnehool ofpolitics.iiihefirstgreatpupil.andlouis xiveandglory,. therehavebeennyotherssince. theriseofrussia thestoryofthesterioussvite eireupon thegrandpoliticalstageofeurope intheyear1492,asyouknobusdisveredarica. earlyintheyear,atyrolesebythenaofsups, travellingastheheadofastificexpeditionforthe archbishopoftyrol,andprovidedhthebestletters ofintroduythical toossueed.he frontiersofthisvastsvitestatehwasvaguelysupposed toexistireeastepartofeurope,hewas firytuedbanersed.and supstovisittheheathenturkinnstantinople,in orderthatheghthavesothingtoreporttohisal sterebackfroisexplorations. sixtyoneyearslater,rielltodisver thenortheastepassagetotheindies,andblownby anillouthofthedwina andfouevillageofkholgory,afewhours frohespothetohangelwasfounded. thistithefnvisitorse tosselvestothegrandduke.they rcialtreaty everncludedbetheeher nationssoonfolloethingbeohis steriousland. geographically,russiaisavastplain.theuraluntains arelonobarrieragainstihe riversarebroadbutoftenshalloerritoryfor nods. aneireerand disappearedagain,slavictribes,their hosiralasia,lesslythroughtheforests andplainsoftheregiohederanddnieper rivers.thegreekshadsotisttheseslavsandafew travellersofthethirdandfourth. otherheytleknohenevadaindians intheyear1800. unfortunatelyforthepeaitivepeoples,a verynveraderouteranthroughtheiruntry.this ainroadfroortheeuropetonstantinople. itfolloheastofthebaltitilthenevahed. thenitcrossedlakeladogaandsouthhe volkhovriver.thenthroughlakeilnandupthesll lovatriver.thentherepeuntilthednieper hedotheblacksea. thenorsenknehisroadataveryearlydate.in theniurytheybegaleinnortherussia,just asotheorsenhefoundationforindepe statesingernyandfraintheyear862,three norsen,brothers,all dynasties.ofthethreebrothers,onlyone,rurik,livedfora nuerofyears.hetookpossessionoftheterritoryofhis brothers,andtyyearsafterthearrivalofthisfirst norsen,aslavicstatehadbeeablishedhkievasits capital. froievtotheblackseaisashortdistance.soonthe existeneknownin nstantihisantanehezealous ssiohechristianfaith.byzantinenksfollohe dheirhheheartof russia.theyfoundthepeegods ountain caves.theytaughtthehestoryofjesus.therewas ionfrohesideofronssiohese goodnoobusyedugtheheatheonsto botheraboutthedistantslavs.hencerussiareceiveditsreligion anditsalphabetanditsfirstideasofartandarture frohebyzantinenksandasthebyzantineeirea reliftheeasteroneirehadbeeveryoriental andhadlostnyofitseuropeantraits,therussianssuffered innsequence. politicallyspeakingthesehegreatrussian plainsdidnotfarehenorsehabittodivide everyianceequallyangallthesons.nosoonerhad asllstatebeenfouito oineheirsulefttheirterritorytoaneverincreasing nuerofdesdants.itall petingstatesshouldquarrelangtheelves.anarchy heorderoftheday.andheredgloheeaste horizontoldthepeopleofthethreatenedinvasionofasavage asiatictribe,thelittlestatesoooodivide ...