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retheorderofanuer ofhighlyostpowerfulof allsnsisthegreatcharles,thenababyinacradle. heisthegrandsonofferdinandandisabellaandofxi lianofhabsburg,thelastofthediaevalknights,andof hisbitious burgundiandukeadesuessfule buthadbeenkilledbytheindepess.the harles,therefore,hasfalleothegreaterpartof thep,toallthelandsofhisparents,grandparents,uncles, usinsandauntsingerny,inaustria,inholland,in belgiuinitaly,andinspain,togetherhalltheirlonies inasia,afridarica.byastrangeironyoffate,he hasbeenboi,inthatsacastleoftheuntsof flanders,ansusedasapristheir re,andalthoughaspanishking andagerneeror,hereing. ashisfatherisdeadpoisoned,sopeoplesay,butthisis neverproved,andhistherhaslostherravelling throughherdoinshtheffinntainingthebody ofherdepartedhusband,thechildislefttothestrict disargaret.foransand italiansandspaniardsandahurangeraharles groing,afaithfulsonofthehurch, butquiteaversetiousintolerance.heisratherlazy, bothasaboyandasan.butfatendeshiorule theoiliousfervour. foreverheisspeedingfroadridtoinnsbrudfrobr> brugestovienna.helovespeadquietandheisalways attuhisbackupon thehunrauch stupidity.threeyearslaterhedies,averytiredanddisappointed n. soperor.hotheh, thesepohehehhasged greatlysiniddleages,started outtoheheathenandshotheadvantagesof apiousandrighteouslife.inthefirstplahurchhas grooorich.thepopeisnoloheshepherdofaflock ofhulechristians.helivesinavastpaladsurrounds hielfusien. hishesandchapelsareveredhneuresin orelikegreekgodsthanisstrictly necessary.hedivideshistiuneveweenaffairsof stateandart.theaffairsofstatetaketenpere. theotheiyperan statues,reer ho,therehearsalofanehearchbishopsand thecardinalsfollopleoftheirpope.thebishops trytoitatethearchbishops.thevillagepriests,however, havereinedfaithfultotheirduties.theykeeptheelves alooffroheheheathenishloveofbeauty andpleasure.theystayathenasterieswhere thenksseeohavefottentheiravoplicity andpovertyandliveashappilyastheydarehout uchofapublidal. finally,therearethenpeople.theyarech betteroffthantheyhaveeverbeenbefore.theyarere prosperous,theyliveierhouses,theirchildrengotobetter sorebeautifulthanbefore,their firearhavedetheheequaloftheiroldehe robberbarons,urieshaveleviedsuchheavytaxes uporade.sohiefactorsinthe refortion. nousseetherenaissancehasdooeurope, andthenyouandhoherevivalofleaingand artobefolloerests. therenaissancebeganinitaly.frohereitspread tofraquitesuessfulinspain,where fivehundredyearsofadethe peopleverynarroindedandveryfanatiallreligious tters.thelehadgroohe alpshadbeencrossed,therenaissancehadsufferedage. thepeopleofnortheeurope,livinginaverydifferent clite,hadanoutlookupoedstrangely hthatoftheirsoutheneighbours.theitalianslivedout intheopen,underasunnysky.ittolaugh andtosingandtobehappy.thegerns,thedutch,the english,thesostoftheirtiindoors,listening totheraiingontheclosedfortable littlehouses.theydidnotlaughquitesoch.they tookeverythingreseriously.theyonscious oftheiriortalsoulsandtheydidnotliketobefunnyabout ttersanistic partoftherenaissahebooks,thestudiesofa authors,thegraarabooks,iedthebr> greatly.butthegeneralretutotheoldpagancivilisation ofgreedro,hechiefresultsofthe renaissaaly,filledtheirheartshhorror. butthepapadthellegeofcardinalsost entirelyposedofitaliansandtheyhadtuedtheh intoapleasantclubusid thetheatre,butrarelyntiiohesplit betorecivilisedbuteasygoing andindifferentsouthhe tiandnobodyseedtobeahedahatthreatened theh. thereinorreasonshe refortiontookplagernyratherthaninsweden land.thegernsboreanagrudgeagainst ro.theendlessquarrelsbetperorandpopehad htualbitteess.ihereuropeanuntries eedinthehandsofastrong king,therulerhadoftenbeeoprotecthissubjects againstthegreedofthepriests.ingerny,whereashadowy eerorruledaturbulentcrotleprings,thegood burghersoredirectlyatthercyoftheirbishopsand prelates.thesedignitariess ofneyforthebeofthoseenorushesh ans feltthattheyulctedandquitenaturallytheydid notlikeit. ahereistherarelyntionedfactthatgerny eoftheprintingpress.innortheeuropebooks hebiblewa ...