第43节
【】erring,andthenforcesthehithisown price.theauthorities,therefore,disuragedrading andregulatedthepriceatertswereallowed toselltheirgoods. theddleagesdislikedpetitioeand filltheultitudeofpushing hand,when richesfoothingandhegoodserfwould ehegoldengatesofheavenhebadknightwas senttodopehedeepestpitofinfeo inshort,thepeopleoftheddleagesosurrender partoftheirlibertyofthoughtanda,thatthey ghtenjoygreatersafetyfroovertyofthebodyandpoverty ofthesoul. andhaveryfeions,theydidnotobject.they firybelievedthattheyerevisitorsuponthispla thattheyore iortantlife.deliberatelytheytuedtheirbacksupona hsufferingandkednessand injustice.theypulleddoheblindsthattheraysofthe sunghtnotdistrathatchapterinthe apocalypseofthatheavenlylighthwas toilluheirhappinessiy.theytriedtoclose theireyestostofthejoysoftheheylived thattheyghtenjoythoseinthenear future.theyaeptedlifeasanecessaryevilanded deathasthebeginningofagloriousday. thegreeksandtheronshadheredaboutthe futurebuthadtriedtoestablishtheirparadiserighthereupon thisearth.theyhadsueededinkinglifeextrelypleasant forthoseoftheirfelloenhappentobe slaves.theheddleages, anbuilthielfaparadisebeyondthehighestclouds ahisoavaleoftearsfhandlow, forrib.itwas tiforthependuluosheotherdire,as ishalltellyouichapter. diaevaltrade hooredethe diterraneanabusytreof tradeandhohecitiesofthe italianpeninsulabecathegreat distributingerce hasiaandafrica therehreegoodreasoaliancitiesshould havebeenthefirsttainapositionofgreatiortance durieddleages.theitalianpeninsulahadbeen settledbyroataveryearlydate.therehadbeenre roadsaooreschoolsthananywhereelse ineurope. thebarbarianshadbuedaslustilyinitalyaselsewhere, buttherehadbeensoorehadbeenable tosurvive.inthesendplace,thepopelivedinitalyand astheheadofavastpoliticale,hownedlandand serfsandbuildingsandforestsandriversandnductedurts oflaoney. thepapalauthoritieshadtobepaidingoldandsilverasdid thertsandshipohe heeggsandthehorsesandallthericultural productsofthenorthabegedintoactual e. thisdeitalytheoryparative <,duringthecrusades, theitalianbarkation fortheostunbelievable extent. andafterthee italiancitiesreihedistributiresforthoseoriental goodsupoodepend duriheyhadspentinthe. ofthesetoousasveniewas arepubliudbank.thitherpeoplefrohe inlandhadfledduringtheinvasionsofthebarbariansinthe fourthtury.surroundedonallsidesbytheseatheyhad ehebusinessofsaltking.salthadbeenvery seduringtheddleages,andthepricehadbeenhigh. forhundredsofyearsvenionopolyof thisindispensabletabledityisayindispensable,because people,likesheep,fallilluheygetacertainaunt ofsaltintheirfood.thepeoplehadusedthisnopolyto ihepoestheyhadevendared todefythepohepopes.thetohand hadbeguntobuildships,radehthe orient.duringthecrusades,theseshipsocarry passeotheholyland,andhepassengersuld notpayfortheirtiash,theyohelpthe veiansheirlohe aegeansea,inasianora. bytheendofthefourteeury,thepopulationhad groadevehebiggest iddleages.thepeoplehoutinfluence uponthegoventheprivateaffairofa sllnuerofrichrtfalies.theyelectedasenate andadogeorduke,buttheactualrulersofthecitywere theersofthefausunciloften,aintained theelvesofsecret serviurderers,chupon allcitizensandquietlyrevedthoseightbedangerous tothesafetyoftheirhighhandedandunsittee ofpublicsafety. theotherextreofgovent,adeyofvery turbulenthabits,obefoundinflorehiscity ntrolledtheinroadfroortheeuropetoroandused thehisfortunateenoc positiontoengageinnufacturing.thefloreriedto follopleofathens.noblen,priestsanders oftheguildsalltookpartinthediscussionsofaffairs. thisledtogreatupheaval.peoplewereforeverbeingdivided intopoliticalpartiesandthesepartiesfoughteachother iesandnfiscated theirpossessionsassoonastheyhadgainedavictoryinthe unobs, theiablehappened.apoilydeitselfster ofthecityandgoveedthetohesurroundinguntry afterthefashionoftheoldgreek``tyrants.theyalled thedici.theearliestdicihadbeenphysisdicus islatinforphysi,heheia,butlatertheyhad tuedbaheirbanksand ...